Vim li cas nyob rau hauv lub plhaub thiab lub raj kub exchangers, ib co stainless hlau hlab tseem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm intergranular corrosion, kev ua tau zoo degradation, los yog txawm ntxov ntxov tsis ua hauj lwm tom qab vuam los yog ntev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv high kub? Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv seb qhov kev kho cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv, nrog rau nws qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov zoo, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv engineering.
Peb ASME SA213 TP321 raj rau lub plhaub thiab lub raj cua kub exchangers yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov kev pab kub kub thiab vuam tej yam kev mob. TP321 yog titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless hlau; Los ntawm kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus titanium (feem ntau Ti Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 5 × C), nws cuam tshuam zoo rau kev tsim cov chromium carbides, yog li tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm intergranular corrosion. Qhov no ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog rau kev siv hluav taws xob kub hloov pauv thiab ib puag ncig nrog cov thermal cycling nquag.
Hais txog kev kho cua sov, tag nrho peb cov raj TP321 tau dhau los ua txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem annealing. Cov txheej txheem no, uas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 1040 thiab 1100 degrees, ua raws li kev ua kom txias sai, ua kom tiav qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov carbides thiab ua rau muaj qhov sib xws thiab ruaj khov microstructure. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws txo qis cov kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim thaum tsim khoom thiab vuam, yog li txhim kho cov khoom siv lub sijhawm ntev thiab nws tsis kam oxidation nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
ASME SA213 TP321 Tube
Hais txog qhov ntev ntev thiab qhov zoo, peb nruj me ntsis ua raws li ASME SA213 tus qauv. Peb tuav sab nraud txoj kab uas hla nyob rau hauv ± 0.3% thiab phab ntsa thickness kam rau ua nyob rau hauv ± 10%, xyuas kom meej haum thaum lub raj-rau-tubesheet los ua ke thiab zoo txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm to. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nrauv tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem ua tiav thiab ntxuav kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tsis muaj nplai, roj seem thiab impurities. Sab hauv qhov roughness (Ra) feem ntau yog tswj kom tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.8 μm, uas ua rau txo qhov tsis kam ntawm cov dej ntws thiab txo qhov kev xav rau fouling li ntawm 15-20%, yog li txhim kho tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Qib | UNS | c | mn | Q | Yog lawm | Yog lawm | Cr | Tsis yog | Koj |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 321 | S32100 | 0.08 max | max 2.00 Nws | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | max 1.00 Nws | 17.0-19.0 Nws | 9.0-12.0 Nws | 5 (C+N)-0.07 |
| 321 h ua | S32109 | 0.04-0.10 Nws | max 2.00 Nws | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | max 1.00 Nws | 17.0-19.0 Nws | 9.0-12.0 Nws | 4(C+N)-0.07 |
Mechanical Properties
| Qib | Tensile zog, min. Ksi (MPa) | Yield zog, min. Ksi (MPa) | Elongation los ntawm 2 nti los yog 50 mm, min. (%) | Hardness | Kev ntsuas kub, min.℃F (degree) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 321 | 75 (515) | 30 (205) | 35 | 90 PAB; 192 HBW / 200 HV | Xyoo 1900 (1040) |
| 321 h ua | 75 (515) | 30 (205) | 35 | 90 PAB; 192 HBW / 200 HV | Xyoo 2000 (1090) |
Tolerances rau 321 Stainless Hlau Tube raws li ASTM A213
| Specification | Nominal txoj kab uas hla | Permissible sab nraud txoj kab uas hla variation (mm) | Tso cai phab ntsa thickness variation | Qhov ntev kam rau ua (mm) | Cov ntawv sau | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Superior | qis | Superior (%) | Tsawg (%) | Superior | qis | |||
| ASTM A213 TP321 Seamless Yeeb Nkab rau Boilers, Superheaters thiab Kub Exchangers | Tsawg dua 25.4 | 0.1016 | 0.1016 | +20 | 0 | 3,175 ib | 0 | Crushing xeem |
| 25.4-38.1 Ib. | 0.1524 | 0.1524 | +22 | 0 | 3,175 ib | 0 | Tensile xeem | |
| 38.1 - 50.8 ib. | 0.2032 Nws | 0.2032 Nws | +22 | 0 | 3, 176 ib | 0 | Flare xeem | |
| 50.8 - 63.5 ib. | 0.254 ib | 0.254 ib | +2 | 0 | 4.46 ib | 0 | hardness kuaj | |
| 63.5-76.2 ib. | 0.3218 ib | 0.3218 ib | +22 | 0 | 4.76 ib | 0 | 100% hydrostatic kuaj | |
| 76.2-101.6 ib. | 0.381 ib | 0.381 ib | +22 |
ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 TP321 Seamless Yeeb Nkab Daim Ntawv Thov
Ntug hiav txwv architectural panels
Nkoj accessories
Cov thawv ntim tshuaj
suav nrog cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los
Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers
Cov kev cai xeem
Ntxiv nrog rau kev ntsuas tensile thiab hardness, cov hauv qab no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua:
Flattening / flaring tests: Los lav qhov ductility ntawm lub raj thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg thaum nws nthuav dav.
Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj (NDT): 100% induced tam sim no (ET) los yog ultrasound (UT) kuaj, nrog rau kev kuaj hydrostatic.
Intergranular corrosion tests: Tshwj xeeb tsom rau ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm Practice E ntawm ASTM A262.
Cov ntaub ntawv xeem ntawv pov thawj (MTC): Yuav tsum ua raws li EN 10204 3.1 lossis 3.2 tus qauv (thaum muaj kev tshuaj xyuas thib peb).
Kev kuaj tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj
Packing thiab marking:
Lub ntim yuav muaj cov pob plywood lossis thawv, qhwv hauv cov yas, thiab yuav muab cov kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv hiav txwv, lossis yuav ua raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Lub cim yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm Specification A1016/A1016M thiab yuav tsum qhia seb cov yeeb nkab puas kub lossis txias tiav. Cov cim yuav suav nrog, ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv: tus qauv, qib, qhov ntev, tus lej casting thiab batch tooj.
Cov lus nug uas nquag nug
Q: Puas yog stabilizer annealing yuav tsum tau rau TP321?
A: Tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua raws li ASME SA213 yog kev daws teeb meem annealing (cua sov rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 1040℃tom qab txias txias). Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua tiav ntawm 845℃thiab 900 degree. Txawm hais tias tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm SA213 tus qauv, rau qhov kev ua phem heev corrosive ib puag ncig lossis kev ua haujlwm uas qhov kev tsim kub siab tshaj 400 degrees, ntau tus neeg siv tshwj xeeb thov kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg anneal ntawm lawv cov xaj kom ntseeg tau tias titanium zoo ntes cov pa roj carbon.
Q: Puas yog TP321 resistant rau chloride stress corrosion corrosion (SCC) nyob rau hauv tshav kub exchangers?
A: Tsis yog. Zoo li tag nrho 300 series austenitic stainless hlau, TP321 yog qhov cuam tshuam rau chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion. Yog hais tias cov dej circulating muaj cov chloride ions siab, kev siv cov duplex stainless hlau (xws li S32205) los yog cov nickel alloys siab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.
Q7: Puas muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau vuam TP321?
A: Filler hlau xaiv: Feem ntau, ER321 lossis ER347 muab tub lim hlau (stabilized nrog niobium) raug xaiv.
Shielding gas: High purity argon yuav tsum tau siv rau tom qab ntxuav; Txwv tsis pub, oxidation ntawm titanium yuav ua rau tsim ntawm slag, yog li txo cov corrosion kuj ntawm weld.
