Steel Qauv 101: Cov Ntawv, Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Ntawv Thov - Xov Xwm - GNEE (Tianjin) Multinational Trade Co., Ltd

Cov qauv steel yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Qhov tseeb, qhov haujlwm no sawv cev kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev siv hlau. Cov qauv hlau, tshwj xeeb, muaj kev tsim kho thiab lwm yam kev lag luam ntau qhov zoo raws li cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov kev xaiv ntawm cov hlau. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem muab cov qauv steel ntau yam khoom siv kho tshuab uas haum rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb. Raws li lub tuam txhab muab kev pabcuam steel qauv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Infra-Metals Co. tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav cov khoom tsim nyog thiab cov qauv ntawm cov qauv steel rau koj daim ntawv thov.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv hlau

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau lub neej ntev thiab tiv taus qhov hnyav hnyav, cov qauv hlau yuav tsum yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hlau thiab carbon yog ob ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws siv los ntawm steel mills los ua cov qauv hlau. Carbon muab lub zog rau hlau ore, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv steel thiab yog heev mos ntawm nws tus kheej. Yuav kom ua tiav lub peev xwm thauj khoom, cov qauv hlau yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau dua los ntawm qhov hnyav, thiab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem nce cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob ntawm qib ntawm lub zog thiab ductility lawv daim ntawv thov xav tau. Kev tsim kho feem ntau tsuas yog xav tau cov pa roj carbon tsawg, lossis me me, cov qauv hlau uas muaj nruab nrab ntawm {{0}}, 04 thiab 0.30 feem pua carbon los ntawm qhov hnyav. Nruab nrab thiab siab carbon structural steel xav tau ntawm 0.31 thiab 1.50 feem pua carbon los ntawm qhov hnyav, ua rau cov hlau no haum rau kev siv tshuab engineering.

Cov qauv hlau tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov qib manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, thiab silicone, ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm hais tias cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem ntxiv cov hlau ntxiv xws li chromium, titanium, thiab molybdenum rau lawv cov hlau sib xyaw kom muaj zog ntxiv, qhov no feem ntau zoo dua rau cov hlau tsis muaj qauv vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tawg yooj yim.

Txawm hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg, fabricators yuav tsum sim lawv cov qauv hlau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig thiab lub zog tensile. Ib feem ntawm qhov ua rau cov qauv hlau muaj zog yog nws lub peev xwm los tawm los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov hnyav yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv mus tas li. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv steel irretrievably hloov cov duab yog hu ua yield point. Qhov ntxiv siab ntawm qhov hnyav yuav thaum kawg thawb cov hlau mus rau nws lub zog tensile txwv, qhov taw tes ntawm cov hlau tiag tiag tawg. Kev tawm dag zog thiab lub zog tensile yog ntsuas hauv phaus ib square inch (psi) thiab kiloinches ib square inch (ksi).

Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam lossis lub zog nqus hauv cov qauv hlau, Charpy impact test tau standardized tus txheej txheem. Cov neeg ua haujlwm siv lub pendulum hnyav hnyav thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hlau los xam seb lub zog npaum li cas uas cov hlau tuaj yeem nqus tau thaum lub pendulum ntaus nws ua ntej cov khoom ncav cuag cov txiaj ntsig thiab lub zog tensile txwv. Kev ntsuas Charpy kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog kev ntsuas kub kom ua raws li qhov ntsuas kub hloov pauv.

Muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv thov kev tsim kho, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) muaj ntau dua 12.000 cov qauv kev tswj hwm uas faib cov qib steel thiab tswj cov khoom siv thiab nws cov kev kam rau siab. Cov qauv no muab cov qauv zoo ib yam thoob plaws kev lag luam thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau uas ua tau raws li ASTM cov kev cai yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Qee qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv hlau yog ASTM A36, ASTM A500, ASTM A572 thiab ASTM A588, nrog ntau yam kev xaiv nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.

Cov qauv hlau zoo nkauj

Muaj ntau yam kev xaiv zoo ntxiv ua rau cov khoom siv steel hlau los txhawb kev tsim kho thiab tsim. Cov duab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev faib cov khoom hnyav thiab qhov hnyav, thiab kev xaiv kom zoo ua kom lub tsev ruaj khov thiab nyab xeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov qauv hlau muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv haum rau kev siv sib txawv. Cov ntawv no suav nrog:

Lub kaum sab xis. Cov L-shaped perpendicular hla ntu, nrog ob txhais ceg sib npaug lossis tsis sib npaug, feem ntau pom nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm cov qauv thiab lwm qhov los ntxiv cov piers loj thiab kab teeb.

Tube. Hollow raj ua los ntawm kub dov steel coils thiab muag nyob rau hauv round, square, thiab rectangular duab yog yooj yim fabricated thiab welded raws li xav tau. Nws yog lub teeb yuag structural lwm txoj rau khoom structural steel khoom.

I-beams Cov kab teeb no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hlau feem ntau, ob qho tib si rau kab thiab kab. Ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov "I" lossis "H" hla ntu yog hu ua flanges, thiab cov khoom sib txuas yog hu ua lub vev xaib.

Wide flange kab teeb. Nrog lub vev xaib ntev dua li I-nqaj, flanges ntawm lub flange dav dav yog ze li ntawm lub vev xaib.

Cov channel. Cov kab hluav taws xob yog kub dov rau hauv C-puab thiab, zoo li I-beams, muaj lub kaum sab xis dav dua ntawm cov flanges thiab lub vev xaib. Lawv muab cov qauv kev txhawb nqa ntxiv rau lub ntsiab load-bearing beam, feem ntau rau bracing lossis framing.

daim hlau. Cov pa roj carbon steel tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau qhov hnyav thiab siab, ua rau lawv zoo meej rau cov nkoj mus hauv hiav txwv. Cov no yog cov chaw loj ntawm cov khoom siv thiab txuas ntxiv cov qauv hlau npaj los npog cov chaw loj.

Bars. Luv luv rau cov tub lag luam, lawv yog hom kub-kuav los tiag thiab txias-tiav cov pa roj carbon ntau nrog cov khoom sib txawv, qhov ntev, thiab cov duab subcategories, xws li puag ncig, square, thiab tiaj tus hla ntu.

Qhov zoo ntawm structural steel

Cov qauv hlau yog cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim kho. Nws coj ntau yam zoo rau cov sector, xws li stainless hlau:

Tus nqi zoo. Raws li kev lag luam ntawm kev nqis peev ntawm cov khoom siv thawj zaug, cov qauv hlau feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau txo nqi hauv lwm qhov chaw, xws li cov khoom siv txo qis vim lub zog ntawm cov hlau, kev tsim kho sai dua, cov khoom pov tseg qis dua, muaj peev xwm rov ua dua, thiab lwm yam. .

Kev ruaj ntseg. Lub zog ntawm cov qauv hlau yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab, tab sis nws kuj muaj lwm yam ntxwv uas muab kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm. Hlau yog resistant rau corrosion, xeb, mildew, nplaim taws thiab thermal tej yam kev mob. Ntxiv rau, nws yuav tsis tawg zoo li lwm cov ntaub ntawv yog tias cov qauv hlau yuav hloov.

Haum rau kev loj hlob. Txij li cov tuam txhab tsim tshwj xeeb tsim cov qauv hlau rau nws lub zog thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub peev xwm, yog tias tus tsim khoom xav tau lossis xav tsim kom muaj qhov sib ntxiv rau cov khoom, framing steel feem ntau tuaj yeem hloov kho.

ntseeg tau. ASTM cov qauv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov qauv hlau ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam zoo sib xws hauv kev lag luam kom cov neeg yuav khoom paub tias lawv tau txais dab tsi thaum lawv yuav cov hlau no. Qhov no ua rau cov neeg tsim kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm lub siab tias cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau nws txoj kev siv.

Ntau yam. Lub cev nyhav thiab lub zog ntawm cov qauv hlau tso cai rau ntau lub tsev tsim tshwj xeeb lossis complex tsim thiab architectural nta dua li cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li ntoo.

Siv tau. Thaum cov fabricators muab cov qauv steel tsim nrog lub tshuab computer uas tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv thiab koom nrog cov khoom siv, cov kev siv thev naus laus zis no tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas qhov chaw rau kev txuag nqi, kev tsim kho, thiab kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb.

Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Hlau yog cov hlau uas tuaj yeem siv tau uas khaws nws lub zog txawm tias nws yuav raug siv li cas. Qhov peev xwm no kuj txo cov khib nyiab pov tseg. Nrog rau Asmeskas kev nplua nuj ntawm cov hlau ore mining cov peev txheej, xws li hauv Minnesota, kev tsim steel hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua kev lag luam ruaj khov.